Sensory experiences are temporary
Matra-sparshas tu kaunteya shitoshna-sukha-duhkha-dah, agamapayino 'nityas tams titikshasva bharata
O son of Kunti, the contact between the senses and sense objects gives rise to fleeting perceptions of happiness and distress. These are impermanent, and come and go like the winter and summer seasons. O descendant of Bharata, one must learn to tolerate them without being disturbed.
- •Develop tolerance for discomfort
- •Don't be swayed by passing phenomena
Equanimity is the path to immortality
Yam hi na vyathayanty ete purusham purusharshabha, sama-duhkha-sukham dhiram so 'mritatvaya kalpate
O best among men, the person who is not disturbed by happiness and distress and is steady in both is certainly eligible for liberation.
- •Balance in pleasure and pain
- •Mental steadiness leads to liberation
Equanimity in pleasure and pain
Duhkhesv anudvigna-manah sukhesu vigata-sprhah, vita-raga-bhaya-krodhah sthita-dhir munir ucyate
One who is not disturbed in spite of miseries, who doesn't crave happiness, and who is free from attachment, fear, and anger, is called a sage of steady mind.
- •Freedom from reactive emotions
- •Mental stability through detachment
Equanimity in success and failure
Yoga-sthah kuru karmani sangam tyaktva dhananjaya, siddhy-asiddhyoh samo bhutva samatvam yoga ucyate
Perform your duty equipoised, O Arjuna, abandoning all attachment to success or failure. Such equanimity is called yoga.
- •Balance is the essence of yoga
- •Detachment brings peace
Mental conquest leads to supreme peace
Jitatmanah prasantasya paramatma samahitah, shitoshna-sukha-duhkheshu tatha manapamanayoh
One who has conquered the mind has already reached the Supreme Self, for they have attained tranquility. To such a person, happiness and distress, heat and cold, honor and dishonor are all the same.
- •Equanimity in all conditions
- •Transcending dualities
Steadiness of a controlled mind
Yatha dipo nivata-stho nengate sopama smrita, yogino yata-chittasya yunjato yogam atmanah
As a lamp in a windless place does not flicker, so the disciplined mind of a yogi remains steady in meditation on the self.
- •Perfect stillness in meditation
- •The ideal state of focus
Mind attains perfect quietude
Yatroparamate chittam niruddham yoga-sevaya, yatra chaivatmanatmanam pashyann atmani tushyati
When the mind, restrained by the practice of yoga, attains quietude, and when beholding the self by the self, one is satisfied in the self.
- •Self-realization brings satisfaction
- •Seeing the self in the self
Supreme happiness arises only in the tranquil mind
Prasanta-manasam hy enam yoginam sukham uttamam, upaiti shanta-rajasam brahma-bhutam akalmasham
The highest happiness comes to the yogi whose mind has become tranquil, whose passion has quieted, who has become one with Brahman, and who is free from all impurity. Tranquility — not excitement or pleasure — is the medium in which the highest happiness arises.
- •Quieting rajas (passion) is a prerequisite for Brahman-union
- •Freedom from impurity and Brahman-identification are inseparable
Cultivate universal friendliness
Adveshta sarva-bhutanam maitrah karuna eva cha, nirmamo nirahankarah sama-duhkha-sukhah kshami
One who is not envious but a kind friend to all living entities, free from proprietorship and false ego, equal in happiness and distress, forgiving.
- •Let go of ego and possessiveness
- •Maintain equanimity in all situations
Contentment is a spiritual quality
Santushṭaḥ satataṁ yogī yatātmā dṛiḍha-niśhchayaḥ, mayy arpita-mano-buddhir yo mad-bhaktaḥ sa me priyaḥ
Ever content, steadfast in meditation, self-controlled, and of firm resolve, with mind and intellect offered to Me—such devotees are very dear to Me.
- •Self-control combined with devotion
- •Firm resolve pleases God
Treat opposites with equanimity
Sukha-duhkhe same kritva labhalabhau jayajayau, tato yuddhaya yujyasva naivam papam avapsyasi
Fight for the sake of duty, treating alike happiness and distress, loss and gain, victory and defeat. Fulfilling your responsibility in this way, you will never incur sin.
- •Duty transcends personal preference
- •Balanced action prevents karma
Freedom from attachment and aversion purifies the interaction with the world
Raga-dvesha-vimuktais tu vishayan indriyaish caran atma-vashyair vidheyatma prasadam adhigacchati
But a person free from all attachment and aversion, able to control the senses through regulative principles of freedom, can obtain the full mercy of the Lord. One who engages with sense objects with controlled senses, free from attraction and repulsion, attains prasada — divine grace and serenity of mind.
- •Regulated engagement with the senses leads to inner serenity
- •Divine grace follows from disciplined, equanimous living
Inner serenity destroys all forms of suffering
Prasade sarva-duhkhanam hanir asyopajayate prasanna-cetaso hy ashu buddhih paryavatishthate
For one thus satisfied in divine grace, the threefold miseries of material existence exist no longer; and in such pleasant consciousness, one's intelligence is soon well established. The serene mind rapidly establishes itself in wisdom. Inner peace (prasada) is not merely pleasant — it is the very ground from which steady wisdom grows.
- •Peace of mind rapidly develops into steady wisdom
- •The path to liberation runs through inner tranquility
The Brahman-knower is not swayed by pleasant or unpleasant events
Na prahrisyet priyam prapya nodvijet prapya capriyam, sthira-buddhir asammudho brahma-vid brahmani sthitah
One who is not elated upon receiving the pleasant and not disturbed upon receiving the unpleasant, with steady intellect and undeluded — such a knower of Brahman is established in Brahman. Emotional equanimity in both pleasure and pain is the sign of the Brahman-knower.
- •Steady intellect and freedom from delusion mark the realized person
- •Establishment in Brahman transcends all emotional fluctuation
Withstanding desire and anger before death is the mark of the yogi
Shaknothaiva yah sodhum prak sharira-vimokshanat, kama-krodhodbhavam vegam sa yuktah sa sukhi narah
One who is able to withstand the impulse of desire and anger even before giving up the body — that person is a yogi and is happy. The capacity to endure these powerful inner forces without being swept away is the very definition of yogic mastery.
- •Inner discipline is more significant than outer renunciation
- •True happiness comes from mastering inner impulses
Balance in all activities
Yuktahara-viharasya yukta-cestasya karmasu, yukta-svapnavabodhasya yogo bhavati duhkha-ha
For one who is moderate in eating, recreation, working, sleeping, and waking, yoga destroys all sorrows.
- •Moderation leads to peace
- •Discipline in daily life supports spiritual practice
Gradual progress in meditation
Shanaih shanair uparamed buddhya dhriti-grihitaya, atma-samstham manah kritva na kinchid api chintayet
Gradually, step by step, with the intellect endowed with steadiness, one should bring the mind to stillness, and think of nothing else.
- •Use intellect to guide the mind
- •Complete mental stillness is the goal
The devotee does not agitate others
Yasmān nodvijate loko lokān nodvijate cha yaḥ, harṣhāmarṣha-bhayodvegair mukto yaḥ sa cha me priyaḥ
One by whom the world is not disturbed, and who is not disturbed by the world, who is free from joy, envy, fear, and anxiety — such a one is dear to Me.
- •Equanimity in all emotional states is a mark of the dear devotee
- •Freedom from agitation inward and outward pleases God
Brahman realization brings joy
Brahma-bhutah prasannatma na shochati na kankshati, samah sarveshu bhuteshu mad-bhaktim labhate param
One who is thus transcendentally situated realizes the Supreme Brahman and becomes fully joyful. Such a person never laments nor desires anything, is equal to all beings, and attains supreme devotion to Me.
- •Equal vision toward all
- •This state leads to supreme devotion
Contentment (nitya-tripta) transforms all action into non-action
Tyaktva karma-phalasangam nitya-tripto nirasrayah, karmany abhipravrittoapi naiva kimcit karoti sah
Having abandoned all attachment to the fruits of action, always content and without any dependence, such a person, even while engaged in action, does not do anything at all.
- •Inner independence and detachment from results equals true freedom
- •Activity with no ego-claim is equivalent to non-activity in terms of karma